STUDY GUIDE-Animal Parasitology
Chapters 26-32
Warning: These questions are only a guide, they are
not meant to take the place of reading the text and studying the class
notes. You are responsible for the
material covered in class even though I may have forgotten to cover it in this
study guide.
Chapter 26
Ascaris –
What is the species that
most commonly infects man?
What is the size of this
species?
How many eggs may be
present inside a female?
How many eggs may a female
lay each day?
Adults live where in the
body of the host?
What stage is infective to
the host?
What route do the juvenile
worms take to finally reach the intestine of the host and become mature worms?
What climatic conditions favor
transmission of this parasite?
How many people are
infected worldwide?
Among humans, what group is
most affected by these worms?
What are two methods of
transmission of this worm?
What is ascaris
pneumonitis?
What pathological conditions
are caused by large numbers of worms in the intestine?
What do these worms eat?
How are these worms
diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
How can infections be
prevented?
Toxocara
What is the species of the
ascarid parasite of dogs?
How do puppies become
infected with this worm before they are born?
How might these parasites
be transmitted to man?
What is visceral larval
migrans?
What species of worms are a
common cause of human visceral larval migrans?
Anisakis
What is the genus of worm
that is a parasite of marine fishes and poses a human health risk when these
fishes are eaten raw?
What kinds of food
preparations might be at risk for harboring this nematode?
Chapter 27
Enterobius
vermicularis –
What is the common name of
this worm?
What are the hosts for this
worm? What group of humans is most
affected by this worm?
How many people are
infected by this worm?
What morphological feature
is distinctive for the female of this worm?
What do these worms eat?
Where are mature females of
this worm found (specifically)?
Where do females lay their
eggs? How long does it take for eggs to
become infective?
What morphological form is
infective to man? How does man become
infected?
Define retroinfection? Contrast it with autoinfection?
What is self-infection? Cross infection?
Under what settings
(situations) is transmission of this worm enhanced?
What unusual technique is
used to collect eggs of this worm?
How are these worms
diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
How can infections be
prevented?
Chapter 29
The filarial worms –
Filarial worms belong to
what nematode family?
Where are adults of these
worms found in the body of the host?
Females of these worms
deposit what kind of offspring?
How are these offspring related
to the usual J1 or rhabditiform form of nematodes?
The filarial worms all
employ what kind of intermediate host?
What life cycle stages are
found in the intermediate host?
How are the infective
stages introduced into the host?
What is the infective stage
of these worms?
What is periodicity?
Elephantiasis
What species causes
elephantiasis?
In elephantiasis, adults
live where in the body of the host?
What is the vector (or
intermediate host) for elephantiasis?
Where in the world is
elephantiasis found?
The intermediate hosts for
elephantiasis feed mainly during what part of the day?
What are the three phases
of disease in elephantiasis?
Each phase is characterized
by what position of the worm in the host and what physiological response of the
host?
What causes the elephantoid
condition? How commonly is this
condition found among people infected with this worm?
How are these worms
diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
How can infections be
prevented?
River blindness
What species causes river
blindness? What is another common name
for the same disease?
Where are adult worms of
this species found in the body of the host?
The specific places where these worms are found are called what?
Where are the microfilaria
of these worms found?
What is the vector (or
intermediate host) for this worm?
How many cases
worldwide? Where in the world are these
infections found?
Why is this disease called
river blindness?
How are these worms
diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
How can infections be
prevented?
Loa loa
The common name for Loa
loa is what?
What are the known hosts
for this worm?
Where do adults of this
worm live in the body of the host?
Microfilaria are found
where during the day, where during the night?
What is the vector (or
intermediate host) for this worm?
How many people are
infected worldwide? Where are most
cases found?
Typical symptoms of this
worm include a transient, painful subcutaneous swelling called what?
How are these worms
diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
How can infections be
prevented?
Dog heartworm
The dog heartworm is what
species?
Where do adults of this
worm live in the body of the host?
What is the vector (or
intermediate host) for this worm?
How long does it take for
the juveniles to develop into adults in the host?
What is the treatment for
the juvenile stages of this parasite?
Chapter 30
Dracunculus
medinensis
The common names for this
worm are what?
How long are adult females?
Adult males?
Where do adults of this worm
(before females become gravid) live in the body of the host?
Where are gravis females
found?
Females produce what kind
of lesion on the skin of the host?
The female releases what
life cycle stage? Under what conditions
does she release them?
What is the intermediate
host for this worm? What genus?
How does a host become
infected with this worm?
What conditions must be met
to allow human infections of this worm?
How are these worms
diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
How can infections be
prevented?
Chapter 31
Phylum
Acanthocephala
What does the name
Acanthocephala mean?
What are the usual hosts
for these worms?
What morphological
characters reflect or indicate that it is adapted for a parasitic life?
What are the morphological
regions of this parasite?
What phylum are the
acanthocephalans in?
What morphological
characters are useful in identifying species of acanthocephala?
What kind of body covering
do these worms have?
What structures in the body
covering can be used to help identify some of these worms?
What unusual structures are
found in males of these worms?
What do the males do to the
females after copulation (so that another male cannot mate with her)?
How many testes do males
have?
How many ovaries do females
have?
What happens to the female
ovary as the worm matures and copulates?
What unique structure do
the females have that sort eggs?
What are the life cycle
stages of these worms?
What are the hosts of each
life cycle stage?
What is the nature of the
damage caused by the adult of these worms?
How could humans become
infected with these worms?
What is the source of
nourishment for these worms?
Chapter 32
Phylum
Pentastomida
Pentastomes are usually
parasites of what animals?
What are the morphological
characters of these worms?
What is the body covering
of these worms?
What specialized attachment
appendages do they have and where are
they found on the body?
What kind of digestive
system do they have?
What do pentastomes eat?
What are the life cycle
stages of this parasite?
What hosts are used for the
intermediate stages?
What is the name of the
species that is found in canines? What
is the intermediate host for this species?
How do humans become
infected with this parasite? (two types of infection)
Are members of this group
found in Puerto Rico? If so what is the
final host and what is the intermediate host?
What animals in the distant
past were infected by these parasites?